AGE-RELATED CHANGES OF PLANTS OF ESSENTIAL OIL ROSE IN ONTOGENESIS 

Zhuzhzhalova Tatiana Petrovna, Honored scientist of Russia, doctor of biological sciences, рrofessor, head of sub-department of genetics and biotechnology, A. L. Mazlumov All-Russian Research Institute of Sugar Beet and Sugar (86, Ramonsky district, Voronezh region, Russia), biotechnologiya@mail.ru
Semenova Elena Fedorovna, Candidate of biological sciences, professor, senior staff scientist, sub-department of general and clinical pharmacology, Penza State University (40 Krasnaya street, Penza, Russia), sef1957@mail.ru
Presnyakova Elena Viktorovna, Сandidate of biological sciences, chief expert, State Comission of the Russian Federation for Selection Achievements Testing and Protection (1/11 Orlikov lane, Moscow, Russia), spl8@mail.ru

УДК 582.734.4:58.01:581.4

Background. Age-related changes in the development of the roses are closely interrelated with organoarsenicals processes. The nature and duration of their interaction determine the formation of the leaf apparatus, generative organs and the root system. The authors undertook a detailed analysis of the age periodization of the life cycle and determined the relationship of age-related conditions with the stages of organogenesis of roses.
Materials and methods. The research was conducted in 1982–2014 on the basis of AUSRI of essential oil-bearing crops (Crimea) and Penza State University. The objects of the study were 10 species of 11 varieties and 2 hybrids of essential oil roses. The peculiarities of plant organs’ formation and cytological structure were studied at temporary and permanent preparations in accordance with techniques generally accepted for roses [1].
Results. Growth and development of most types and forms are slow, the formation of flowers and fruit occurs during the second or third year of life, there are followed the general sequence of laying parts of the flower, a single plan structure and the same phase of its blooming. The most variable are quantitative and qualitative features that characterize elements of the flower and fruit. The specifics of stages of ontogenesis in the samples studied is that in its first year of development the plant (less than 10 %) reaches the virginal state, and the rest goes towards the winter in a state of immature age. In the second year all the plants entered into an adult generative state, the number of shoots increased, flowering and fruiting was observed. By the fourth year, the vegetative shoots reach the senile age condition and die by the fifth year. Generative shoots are more viable, their death occures in 6–7 years. The natural death of a rose plant (a bush) usually occurs between the ages of 20–30 years, and its viability is maintained by shoot regeneration.
Conclusions. The established relationship between age states of roses and the phases of plant development and organogenesis stages allows to more objectively describe the introducers by providing opportunities to comprehensively assess the growth performance, generative development of plants, determine the value of their biological capacity and amplitude of plasticity in specific environments, and hence the deserving degree of long-term shrubs.

ontogenesis, organogenesis, morphogenetic changes, age-related changes, types and forms of roses.

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